Dilutions
Simple dilution
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, exactly how much stock and diluent to mix.
C₁ · V₁ = C₂ · V₂
Protocol result
⚗ Aliquot
Simple dilution · C₁ · V₁ = C₂ · V₂ · the lab bench, calculated
Simple dilution✓ C₁ · V₁ = C₂ · V₂
Measure 8.333 mL of 12 M HCl and dilute to 100 mL total volume.
1
Add about 80 mL of diluent (water/buffer) to your vessel first.
2
Slowly add 8.333 mL of HCl into the diluent, swirling. Never the reverse.
3
Top up to 100 mL total, about 91.67 mL diluent.
⚠
Always add acid to water, never water to acid, dilution is strongly exothermic. Work in a fume hood with PPE.
Stock
12 M
Target
1 M
Stock needed
8.333 mL
Dilution factor
12×